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Estimate Fence Posts, Panels, Rails, and Waste

Choose a fence type, enter total run length and height, and get a complete material list: post count and spacing, panel or board quantities, rail lengths, concrete for footings, and a waste allowance.

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Last updated: February 16, 2026

200 Feet of Fence, 22 Posts, and One Trip to the Store

A weekend builder buys “enough” materials for a backyard privacy fence, gets halfway down the property line, and runs out of posts. The second lumber-yard run costs a morning of work and $40 in gas. Worse, the first half used 10-foot spacing copied from a chain-link guide—far too wide for solid wood panels that catch wind like a sail. Proper fence post spacing depends on fence type, panel weight, and wind exposure, and getting it right before you dig the first hole saves money, time, and a sagging fence line.

This calculator takes your total run length, fence style, corner count, and gate count, then produces a full material list—posts, panels or pickets, rails, concrete bags, and an optional cost estimate—so the store trip happens once.

Spacing Rules by Fence Type: Wood, Chain Link, and Field Wire

Post spacing is not one-size-fits-all. Heavier panels need closer supports; lighter wire runs can stretch farther between posts.

Fence typeStandard spacingPost size (typical)Wind note
Wood privacy (solid panel)8 ft on center4×4 or 4×6High wind: drop to 6–7 ft
Wood picket (spaced boards)6–8 ft4×4Gaps reduce wind load; 8 ft usually fine
Chain link10 ft2⅜″ roundTerminal posts at ends, corners, gates
Field / wire (agricultural)12–16 ftT-post or 4″ roundBraced corner assemblies every change of direction
Ranch / split rail8–10 ft5–6″ roundDecorative; wind rarely a factor

These spacings assume moderate wind. In open prairie, coastal lots, or above tree line, tighten solid-panel spacing by 10–15 % to prevent racking. Picket and wire fences let air through and rarely need the reduction.

Corners, Gates, and End Posts—The Posts People Forget to Count

Line posts repeat at the chosen spacing interval, but three other post categories add to the total and are routinely missed on material lists.

End / terminal posts. One at each terminus of the run. If the fence forms a closed loop, the start post and end post are the same piece.

Corner posts. One at every change of direction. These carry lateral pull from both runs and typically need a larger diameter or deeper embedment than line posts.

Gate posts. Two per gate opening. Gate posts bear hinge weight and latch tension, so they are usually 4×6 or 6×6 even when line posts are 4×4.

Formula: Total posts = line posts + corner posts + (gates × 2) + end posts. On a typical rectangular backyard with four corners and one gate, that adds six posts beyond the line-post count—an easy $120–$180 to overlook.

200 Feet of Privacy Fence—Full Material List

Project: 6-ft-high wood privacy fence, 200 ft total run, 8-ft post spacing, 4 corners, 1 gate (4 ft wide). Posts: pressure-treated 4×4×8, $12 each. Pre-built 8-ft panels: $55 each. Concrete: 50-lb bags, $5.50 each, 2 bags per post hole.

  • Sections: 200 ÷ 8 = 25 sections
  • Line posts: 25 (one between each section, minus corners handled separately)
  • Corner posts: 4
  • Gate posts: 1 × 2 = 2
  • Total posts: 25 + 4 + 2 = 31 × $12 = $372
  • Panels: 25 − 1 (gate opening) = 24 panels × $55 = $1,320
  • Concrete: 31 × 2 = 62 bags × $5.50 = $341
  • Gate hardware kit: $45
  • Material total: $372 + $1,320 + $341 + $45 = $2,078. Add 10 % waste → ~$2,290.

Labor for a two-person crew averages $8–$15 per linear foot depending on soil and access. At $10/ft that puts the installed price around $4,290.

Five Fencing Gotchas That Wreck the Material Plan

  • Stepped fencing on a slope. Panels are rectangular; slopes are not. On a hill each panel steps up or down, leaving a triangle gap underneath. Filling those gaps takes extra pickets or custom-cut boards not counted in a flat-ground material list. Rack-style panels that follow the slope cost 20–30 % more but eliminate the gap.
  • Shared fence line with a neighbor. Many local codes require the “good side” (flat face) to face the neighbor’s property. Board-on-board fences look finished from both sides but use roughly 60 % more lumber. And if the property line is disputed by even a few inches, one of you may have to move the fence later—get a survey first.
  • HOA height and style restrictions. Some associations cap fence height at 4 ft in front yards or ban chain link entirely. Ordering materials before reading the covenants risks returning half of them and paying a restocking fee.
  • Concrete per post hole varies with frost depth. In the Southeast a 24-inch hole is standard. In Minnesota code calls for 42 inches below grade. The deeper hole more than doubles the concrete per post—jumping from 1.5 bags to 3–4 bags each. Multiply by 30 posts and the concrete budget swings by $250 or more.
  • Utilities under the fence line. Call 811 before digging. A gas line 18 inches down in your planned post-hole path means hand-digging that section, relocating the run, or switching to a surface- mounted post bracket—each option adding time and cost nobody planned for.

What the Estimator Assumes and Where You Take Over

The calculator divides total run length by the selected spacing, adds corner and gate posts, multiplies by concrete bags per hole, and totals panels or pickets. It assumes a straight or right-angle layout on level ground. Slopes, curves, easements, setback requirements, and underground utilities are outside its scope. For any fence that serves as a pool barrier, property-line boundary, or noise screen, verify spacing and height against your local building code before ordering.

Checking whether your fence stays inside the allowable lot coverage? Run the building coverage calculator. Planning how many lots a parcel can yield before fencing? Try the plot division planner. Adding a retaining wall where the fence meets a slope? Use the retaining wall estimator.

Frequently Asked Questions

How far apart should fence posts be?

Standard fence post spacing varies by fence type and wind exposure: 6–8 feet for wood privacy and picket fences (provides adequate support for solid panels), 10 feet for chain link (industry standard with tension bands, distributes weight evenly), 12–16 feet for field/wire fencing (wider spacing for agricultural use, lighter materials), and 8–10 feet for ranch rail (decorative spacing for split rail). Spacing should be reduced by 10–15% for taller fences and high wind areas to provide additional stability. In sheltered areas, you can use maximum recommended spacing, while high wind exposure requires closer spacing to handle increased wind load. Understanding proper spacing is essential for fence stability, longevity, and appearance.

How deep should fence posts be set?

A general rule is to bury 1/3 of the total post length plus 6 inches for frost protection. For a 6-foot fence, use an 8-foot post with about 2–2.5 feet buried (2 feet for post support + 6 inches for frost). In areas with deep frost lines, you may need to go deeper to prevent frost heave, which can push posts out of the ground. Post depth also depends on soil conditions: well-draining soils may allow slightly shallower depths, while clay or poorly draining soils may require deeper installation. Posts should be set in concrete for maximum stability, with the concrete extending below the frost line. Understanding proper post depth is essential for fence stability and longevity.

How much concrete do I need per fence post?

Most fence posts require 1–2 bags (50-lb each) of concrete depending on hole size and depth. A standard 10–12 inch diameter hole that's 2 feet deep needs about 1.5 bags (approximately 0.56 cubic feet per bag). The calculation: hole volume = π × (radius)² × depth, then divide by 0.375 cubic feet per 50-lb bag. For example, a 12-inch diameter (6-inch radius) hole, 2.5 feet deep: volume = π × (6)² × 30 = 3,393 cubic inches = 1.96 cubic feet, requiring 1.96 ÷ 0.375 = 5.2 bags (round to 6 bags). The calculator estimates concrete based on your specified hole dimensions. Always round up to whole bags and consider buying extra for waste. Understanding concrete requirements is essential for accurate material estimation.

Should I use concrete or gravel for fence posts?

Concrete provides the strongest, most stable installation and is recommended for most fences, especially privacy fences and in windy areas. Concrete creates a solid foundation that prevents post movement, resists frost heave, and provides long-term stability. Gravel allows better drainage and some flexibility, which can work for lighter fences in well-draining soil, but may not provide sufficient stability for heavy or tall fences. Some installers use foam post setting products as a lighter alternative to concrete, but these may not provide the same level of stability. For maximum stability and longevity, especially for privacy fences, tall fences, or high wind areas, concrete is the recommended choice. Understanding setting methods helps you choose appropriate installation techniques for your specific conditions.

How does wind affect fence post spacing?

Higher wind exposure means posts need to be closer together to provide adequate stability. A solid privacy fence in a windy area acts like a sail and puts significant stress on posts, requiring closer spacing to distribute the load. In high-wind locations, reduce standard spacing by 10–15% (e.g., 8 ft spacing becomes 7 ft) and consider deeper post holes for additional stability. Using a fence design that allows some airflow (like picket or chain link) can also reduce wind load compared to solid privacy fences. Wind exposure levels: sheltered (can use maximum spacing), moderate (use standard spacing), high (reduce spacing by 10–15%). Taller fences create more wind load and need closer spacing regardless of exposure level. Understanding wind impact is essential for fence stability and longevity.

What size posts should I use for a 6-foot privacy fence?

For a 6-foot privacy fence, use 4×4 posts (8 feet long to allow for burial depth) for line posts. Consider 6×6 posts for corners, ends, and gate posts for added strength, as these locations experience more stress from fence sections meeting and gate operation. In high-wind areas or for taller fences (7–8 feet), upgrading all posts to 6×6 provides extra stability and resistance to wind load. Post size also depends on fence material weight: heavier materials (like solid wood panels) may require larger posts, while lighter materials (like chain link) can use smaller posts. The general rule: use larger or heavier-duty posts at corners, ends, and gates where stress is concentrated. Understanding post sizing is essential for fence stability and structural integrity.

How many rails do I need per fence section?

The number of rails depends on fence height and design: 2 rails for fences under 4 feet (provides basic support), 3 rails for 4–6 foot fences (standard support for most residential fences), and 4 rails for fences 7–8 feet tall (additional support for taller fences). Some privacy fence designs use only top and bottom rails with pickets tight together, while others add a middle rail for extra support and to prevent picket warping. Rails provide horizontal support and help maintain fence alignment. The number of rails also affects material quantities: more rails mean more material and higher costs. Understanding rail requirements helps you estimate material quantities accurately and ensure proper fence construction.

How do I calculate materials for a fence with corners?

Each corner requires an additional corner post beyond the line posts. For 90-degree corners, one strong corner post typically handles both fence sections meeting at the corner. Gates require two gate posts (one on each side) to support the gate and provide attachment points for hinges and latches. The calculation: Total Posts = Line Posts + Corner Posts + Gate Posts. Line posts are calculated from fence length and spacing (number of sections). This calculator accounts for corners and gates in the total post count automatically. Corner and gate posts should be larger or heavier-duty than line posts (e.g., 6×6 instead of 4×4) to handle additional stress. Understanding corner and gate post requirements is essential for accurate material estimation and proper fence construction.

Should I buy extra fence materials?

Yes, always buy 5–10% extra materials to account for waste, mistakes, and future repairs. Boards may be warped or have defects that need to be discarded, cutting creates waste from trimming to fit, and having extras for future repairs is valuable when matching materials later. It's much easier to buy extra upfront than to match materials later, especially if materials are discontinued or colors fade over time. The waste factor applies to all materials: posts, panels, boards, pickets, rails, and hardware. For expensive materials or large projects, the 5–10% extra can represent significant cost, but it's essential insurance against material shortages that could delay or halt construction. Understanding waste factors helps you budget accurately and avoid material shortages during construction.

Do I need a permit to build a fence?

Permit requirements vary by location and fence characteristics. Many areas require permits for fences over 6 feet tall, fences in front yards, or any fence in certain zones (residential, commercial, etc.). Always check with your local building department before starting construction to determine permit requirements, as regulations vary significantly by jurisdiction. You may also need to verify property lines (consider a survey if uncertain) and check HOA rules for fence type, height, and placement restrictions. Some areas require permits for any fence, while others only require permits for fences over certain heights or in specific locations. Additionally, you should call 811 to locate underground utilities before digging post holes. Understanding permit requirements helps you avoid costly mistakes and ensure compliance with local regulations.

How do I calculate the number of pickets needed?

To calculate pickets, you need the total fence length, picket width, and gap between pickets. The formula: Total Length (in inches) ÷ (Picket Width + Gap) = Number of Pickets. For example, a 100-foot fence (1,200 inches) with 3.5-inch pickets and 2-inch gaps: 1,200 ÷ (3.5 + 2) = 1,200 ÷ 5.5 = 218 pickets. Always round up to whole pickets and add 5–10% extra for waste. The gap between pickets affects both appearance and material quantity: smaller gaps require more pickets but provide more privacy, while larger gaps require fewer pickets but provide less privacy. This calculator automatically calculates picket quantities based on your specified dimensions and spacing. Understanding picket calculation helps you estimate material quantities accurately for picket fence projects.

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Fence Materials Estimator: Post Spacing + Count